Epidemiological Features of Present Stage of HIV Infection in the Russian Federation (Review)

Shults K. V.
Senior Lecturer, Department for Hygiene and Fundamentals of Ecology¹

Shirokostup S. V.
Doctor of Medicine, Associate Professor, Director, Institute for Public Health and Preventive Medicine ¹

Lukyanenko N. V.
Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Virology¹

1 - Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation

Shults Ksenia Viktorovna; e-mail: ksu994@mail.ru.

The study had no sponsorship.

None declared.

Background. The problem of the prevalence of HIV infection is a topical problem not only in the Russian Federation, but also in global healthcare. HIV infection and the consequences of HIV prevalence threaten the health of the working-age population and cause significant damage to the country’s economy. The article presents some epidemiological features of HIV infection in the Russian Federation at the present stage. Materials and methods. We used data from English and Russian literary sources. The research method is analytical (theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific literature data). Results and conclusion. During the study period, the proportion of contingents of different age groups in the structure of the overall incidence of HIV infection changed: in 1987, the largest prevailing group was from 20 to 30 years old (more than 60% of all newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection). Every year there was an increase in the share of other age groups – in 2021 the prevailing group was from 30 to 40 years old, as well as a group from 40 to 50 years old, i.e. population of working and reproductive age, which affected the change in the structure of routes of transmission of HIV infection, where sexual intercourse through heterosexual contact became predominant, while the contribution of the artificial route of transmission has decreased. Currently, the Russian Federation is in the concentrated stage of the HIV epidemic.

epidemiological features, HIV infection, literature review

10.29234/2308-9113-2023-11-3-76-90

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