Study of the composition of the essential oil of Siberian fir cones, acute toxicity and antiradical activity of their aqueous extraction

Gulyaev D. K.
PhD (Pharmaceutical Sciences), Assistant Professor, Chair for Pharmacognosy¹

Mashchenko P. S.
PhD (Pharmaceutical Sciences), Assistant Professor, Chair for Toxicological Chemistry¹

Boyarshinov V. D.
Assistant, Chair for Pharmacology¹

Belonogova V. D.
Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Head, Chair for Pharmacognosy¹

Petrov R. S.
3rd Year Student¹

1 - Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, Perm, Russian Federation

Gulyaev Dmitry; e-mail: dkg2014@mail.ru.

None declared.

The study had no sponsorship.

Background: Logging results in big amount of wood waste, including Siberian fir cones, which can be used in medicine. Aim of the study: Determination of the content and component composition of the essential oil of Siberian fir cones, as well as acute toxicity and antiradical activity of their aqueous extract. Materials and methods: As the object of exploration was used Siberian fir cones, procured in August 2022. Content study of essential oil was carried out by Clevenger apparatus. Study of the component composition was carried out with gas chromatograph Agilent 7890A with mass spectrometer Agilent 5975C. The infusion was prepared from cones, acute toxicity was determined by oral administration of an infusion to mice. For determination of the antiradical activity, we used reaction with the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Results and discussion: The study revealed that the dominant constituents of the essential oil of Siberian fir cones are monoterpenes. The main component of essential oil is bornyl acetate. Optimal conditions have been developed for assessing the quality of cones according to the content of essential oil. The content of essential oil of Siberian fir is 1,16±0,02%. Next, the infusion of Siberian fir cones was prepared and it was found that oral administration of the infusion at a dose of 2000 mg/kg and 2500 mg/kg did not lead to the death of rodents during two weeks of observation. The infusion has a pronounced antiradical activity, which was proved by comparing the activity with the action of well-known antioxidants – rutin and hyperoside. Conclusion: The research resulted in the establishment of component composition and optimal conditions for determination of content of essential oil in Siberian fir. It has been established that an infusion of Siberian fir cones does not cause death of rodents when administered in large doses and has a pronounced antiradical activity. The data obtained allow us to consider Siberian cone fir as a promising type of medicinal plant material.

Siberian fir, cones, essential oil, infusion, acute toxicity, antiradical toxicity

10.29234/2308-9113-2023-11-3-54-65

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