Methodical Approaches to Diagnostics of Nutritional Status of Children and Adolescents (Literature Review)

Bogomolova E. S.
Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head, Chair for Hygiene¹

Olyushina E. A.
MD, PhD, Assistant Professor¹

Kotova N. V.
MD, PhD, Assistant Professor¹

Maksimenko E. O.
MD, PhD, Assistant Professor¹

Shaposhnikova M. V.
MD, PhD, Assistant Professor¹

Kiseleva A. S.
MD, PhD, Assistant Professor¹

1 - Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhniy Novgorod

Olyushina Ekaterina Anatol’yevna, e-mail: ekatol@rambler.ru

None declared.

The study had no sponsorship.

Nowadays a high prevalence of nutritional status disturbances (under- and overnutrition) among the youth is called «the double burden» in a foreign literature. An actual cause of deviations in children’s health is eating disorders including psychosomatic disorders. This determines the necessity to develop and implement of a unified diagnostic system, primary prevention and correction of nutritional status disturbances in children and adolescents. Purpose of the study. This is an analytical review of Russian and foreign literature about the assessment of youth’s nutritional status formulating of modern methodical approaches in diagnostics of children’s and adolescents’ nutritional status. Study material and research methods. Analytical methods of processing scientific significant information about the object of study were used in a research article. A critical evaluation of various methods (somatometric, laboratory, clinical, functional) for diagnostics of nutritional status of the studied contingent was given. A design of multi-level system for assessment and correction of nutritional disorders and risk of alimentary dependent diseases was introduced. Conclusion. In spite of numerous studies of nutritional status the unsolved problems are the following: absence of unified adequate informative and easy-to-use criteria for assessment the nutritional status for different age groups; absence of software on assessment and correction of nutritional status, taking into account age differentiation that does not allow to realize the principle of early diagnostics and modern correction of nutritional disorders.

nutritional status, diagnostic criteria, children and adolescents, overnutrition, undernutrition, obesity, standard deviation

10.29234/2308-9113-2019-7-4-43-56

1. Aver'yanov A.P., Polyakov V.K., Bolotova N.V. Diagnostika ozhireniya u detej shkol'nogo vozrasta na osnove pokazatelej, harakterizuyushchih kolichestvo zhirovoj tkani. [Diagnostics of obesity in schoolchildren is based on the signs characterizing the amount of adipose tissue] Voprosy detskoj dietologii [Questions of childhood’s diet therapy] 2013; (11) 1: 19-23.

2. Aleshina E.I., Novikova V.P., Komissarova M.Yu., Klikunova K.A., Voroncova L.V. Okruzhnost' zhivota u detej: sovremennye normativy i diagnosticheskoe znachenie. [Abdominal circumference in children: modern standards and diagnostic value] Voprosy detskoj dietologii [Questions of childhood’s diet therapy] 2014; (12) 1: 33-38.

3. Davydova A.V., Logachev M.F. Aktual'nye problemy razvitiya povyshennoj massy tela i ozhireniya u detej i podrostkov. [Actual problems of increased body weight and obesity development in children and teenagers] Detskaya bol'nica [Children’s Hospital] 2014; 1: 31-36.

4. Dedov I.I., Tyul'pakov A.N., Chekhonin V.P., Baklaushev V.P., Archakov A.I., Moshkovskij S.A. Personalizirovannaya medicina: sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy. [Personalized medicine: comprehensive state and perspectives] Vestnik Rossijskoj akademii medicinskih nauk [Vestnik of Russian academy of medical sciences] 2012; 12: 4-12.

5. Erpulyova Yu.V., Korsunskij A.A. Ocenka statusa pitaniya rebenka v praktike vracha-pediatra. [Evaluation of child’s nutritional status in pediatrician’s practice]. Moscow: GEHOTAR-Media [Moscow: Geotar-Media], 2016.

6. Shishkin S.V. Zdravoohranenie: sovremennoe sostoyanie i vozmozhnye scenarii razvitiya. [Health care: comprehensive state and possible development scenarios] Doklad k XVIII Aprel'skoj mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii po problemam razvitiya ehkonomiki i obshchestva (Moskva, 11–14 aprelya 2017 g.). [International scientific conference Report on economics and society development (Moscow,11-14 April, 2017] Moscow: Izdatel'skij dom Vysshej shkoly ehkonomiki, 2017.

7. Kartashova E.A. Ehffektivnost' personalizirovannoj terapii v ramkah terapevticheskogo sotrudnichestva pri lechenii pacientov raznogo vozrasta. [Efficiency of personalized therapy in therapeutic partnership at treatment of different ages patients] Nauka segodnya: problemy i puti resheniya. Sb. tr konferencii Vologda [Science today: problems and ways of solution. [Collection of scientific works of Vologda conference] Vologda: 2016, p. 78-80.

8. Klinicheskie rekomendacii po diagnostike i korrekcii narushenij pishchevogo statusa. [Clinical recommendations on diagnostics and correction of nutritional status disorders] Moscow: 2013, p.45.

9. Koval'chuk V.K., Saenko A.G., Skvarnik V.V. Sravnitel'naya ocenka pishchevogo statusa gorodskih i sel'skih podrostkov v Primor'e na osnove Z-skorov. [Comparative evaluation of nutritional status of urban and rural teenagers in Seaside on Z-scores basis] Zdorov'e. Medicinskaya ehkologiya. Nauka [Health. Medical ecology. Science] 2014; 4 (58): 89-91.

10. Medvedev V.P., Loskucheryavaya T.D. Nervnaya anoreksiya i nervnaya bulimiya u detej i podrostkov: diagnostika i lechenie. [Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in children and teenagers: diagnostics and treatment] Rossijskij semejnyj vrach [Russian family doctor] 2013; (17) 1: 4-15.

11. Nikitina I.L., Todieva A.M., Karonova T.L., Budanova M.V. Ozhirenie u detej i podrostkov: osobennosti fenotipa, associaciya s komponentami metabolicheskogo sindroma. [Obesity in children and teenagers: phenotype features, association with components of metabolic syndrome] Voprosy detskoj dietologii [Questions of childhood’s diet therapy] 2012; (10) 5: 23-30.

12. Ob utverzhdenii nauchnyh platform medicinskoj nauki: Prikaz Minzdrava Rossii ot 30.04.2013 № 281. [On approval of scientific platforms of medical science: Ministry of Health order of 30.04.2013 № 281].

13. Pan'kiv V.I. Ozhirenie. [Obesity] Mezhdunarodnyj ehndokrinologicheskij zhurnal [International endocrinological journal] 2013; 5(53): 150-156.

14. Pavlovskaya E.V., Bagaeva M.EH., Surkov A.G., Strokova T.V., Kaganov B.S. Ozhirenie u detej: kriterii diagnostiki i klinicheskie proyavleniya. [Obesity in children: diagnostic criteria and clinical manifestations] Voprosy detskoj dietologii [International endocrinological journal] 2012; (10)3: 18-22.

15. Polyashova A.S., Ignat'ev V.A., Karaeva A.F. Bioimpedansnyj analiz sostava tela – neot«emlemyj komponent ocenki pishchevogo statusa pri ozhirenii. Aktual'nye voprosy pitaniya naseleniya: sbornik materialov V yubilejnoj mezhregional'noj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii PFO (Nizhnij Novgorod, 27-28 marta 2015 g.). [Bioimpedance body composition analysis is an integral component of the nutritional status evaluation in obesity. Current nutritional issues: collection of scientific works V anniversary interregional scientific practical conference PFO (Nizhniy Novgorod, 27-28 March 2015)] Nizhniy Novgorod: 2015, p. 45-47.

16. Rusakova D.S. Sravnitel'naya harakteristika metodov ocenki sostava tela i razrabotka korrigiruyushchej dietoterapii u pacientov s narusheniem pishchevogo statusa. [Comparative characteristic of body composition assessment methods and development of corrective diet therapy in patients with nutritional status disorders] Avtoref. diss. na soiskanie uchenoj stepeni k.m.n. [Author’s abstract, PhD Thesis] Moscow: 2012.

17. Ryabichenko T.I., Skosyreva G.A., Karceva T.V. Sostoyanie reproduktivnogo zdorov'ya devochek-podrostkov s deficitom massy tela. [Reproductive health of girls-teenagers with body weight deficiency] Vestnik NGU [Vestnik NGU] 2011; (9)2: 44-47.

18. Safonicheva O.G., Martynchik S.A. Zadachi razvitiya nauchnoj platformy medicinskoj nauki »profilakticheskaya sreda«: Tekhnologicheskie resheniya. [Tasks of development of scientific platform of medical science »preventive environment«: Technological solutions] Uspekhi sovremennogo estestvoznaniya [Advances in modern science] 2015; (3): 102-106.

19. Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendacii (protokoly) po vedeniyu detej s ehndokrinnymi zabolevaniyami [Federal clinical guidelines (protocols) to manage a sick child with endocrine diseases] Editors I.I. Dedov, V.A. Peterkova, Moscow: Praktika, 2014.

20. Frolov S.V., Dubrovin V.V., Lyadov M.A., Potlov A.Yu., Frolova M.S., Golofeev A.A. Razvitiya programmno-apparatnyh sredstv dlya ocenki sostoyaniya zdorov'ya detej na primere kompleksa »Zdorovyj rebyonok«. [Development of software and hardware for child health assessment on the example of a complex »Healthy child«] Vrach i informacionnye tekhnologii [Doctor and information technology] 2012; (3): 37-47.

21. Ehdleeva A.G., Homich M. M., Leonova I. A., Bogdanov V. A. Bioimpedansometriya kak metod ocenki komponentnogo sostava tela u detej starshe 5 let. [Bioimpedancemetry as a method of body composition assessment in children over 5 years old] Detskaya medicina Severo-Zapada [Childhood medicine of north-west] 2011; (2) 3: 30-35.

22. Cole T.J., Lobstein T. Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatric Obesity 2012; 4: 284-294.

23. Corsi D.J., Subramanyam M.A., Subramanian S.V. Measuring nutritional status of children. International Journal of Epidemiology 2011; 40: 1030-1036.

24. Ramires E.K., de Menezes R.C., Oliveira J.C., Oliveira M.A., Temoteo T.L., Longo-Silva G., Leal V.S., Costa E.C., Asakura L. Nutritional status of children and adolescents from a town in the semiarid Northeastern Brazil. Revista paulista de pediatria 2014; 3: 200-207.

25. Garver W.S., Newman S.B., Gonzales-Pacheco D.M. et al. The genetics of childhood obesity and interaction with dietary macronutrients. Genes Nutr. 2013; 8(3): 271-287.

26. Gerbasi M.E., Becker A.E., Richards L.K., Thompson-Brenner H., Thomas J.J., Gilman S.E., Agnew-Blais J.C. Globalization and eating disorder risk: Peer influence, perceived social norms, and adolescent disordered eating in Fiji. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2014; (47) 7: 727-737.

27. Mager D.R. et al. Anthropometric measures of visceral and subcutaneous fat are important in the determination of metabolic dysregulation in boys and girls at risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutr. Clinical Pract. 2013; 28 (1): 101-112.

28. Manna P.K. et al. Anthropometric assessment of physical growth and nutritional status among schoolchildren of North Bengal. Anthropologist 2011; 13 (4): 299-305.

29. Capanzana M.V., Aguila D.V., Gironella G.M.P. Montecillo K.V. Nutritional status of children ages 0-5 and 5-10 years old in households headed by fisherfolks in the Philippines. Archives of Public Health 2018; (76)24: 1-8.

30. Nam E.W., Sharma B., Kim H.Y. et al. Obesity and Hypertension among School-going Adolescents in Peru. J Lifestyle Med. 2015; 5(2): 60-67.

31. Ozsaker M. Evaluation of BMI of secondary school students in terms of some variables. International Journal of Human Sciences 2012; (9)2: 276-287.

32. Piernas C., Wang D., Du S. et al. The double burden of under- and overnutrition and nutrient adequacy among Chinese preschool and school-aged children in 2009-2011. European journal of clinical nutrition 2015; 69(12): 1323-1329.

33. Ramachandran P., Gopalan H.S. Assessment of nutritional status in Indian preschool children using WHO 2006 Growth Standards. Indian J Med Res 2011; 134: 47-53.

34. Spolidoro J.V., Pitrez Filho M.L., Vargas L.T., Santana J.C., Pitrez E., Hauschild J.A. et al. Waist circumference in children and adolescents correlate with metabolic syndrome and fat deposits in young adults. Clinical Nutrition 2013; 32 (1): 93-100.

35. Starc G., Strel J. Is there a rationale for establishing Slovenian body mass index references of school-aged children and adolescents. Anthropological Notebooks 2011; 17 (3): 89-100.

36. Torun N.T., Yildiz Y., Assessment of nutritional status of 10-14 years old adolescents using Mediterranean and diet quality index (kidmed). Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013; 106: 512-518.

37. Tzioumis E., Adair L.S. Childhood dual burden of under- and overnutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a critical review. Food and nutrition bulletin 2014; 35(2): 230-243.