Monitoring the problem of iodine deficit among pregnant women living in iodine-deficient areas

Stepanova E. М.
PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Endocrinology¹

Morugova T. V.
Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head, Chair of Endocrinology¹

1 - Bashkir State Medical University of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health

Stepanova E. М., e-mail: 89177950089@yandex.ru

The article presents the results of monitoring of the quality of iodized salt use for food purposes among different population groups living in conditions of natural iodine deficiency. Commitment among pregnant women, health workers and pensioners to mass and group iodine prophylaxis is estimated. The highest motivation for prevention is revealed among healthcare professionals. Among pregnant women as a risk group for iodine deficiency disorders, awareness and motivation for prevention is low. The examination of children born to women taking and not taking 200 mg / day of potassium iodide during pregnancy was undertaken (definition of neonatal TSH level, assessment the state of newborns according to Apgar scale, ultrasonic examination of the thyroid gland of children, assessment of intellectual and psychological status of children). Low-quality mass prevention of iodine deficiency with the use of iodized salt among the population of Ufa was revealed. The use of individual and group iodine prophylaxis with 200 mg/day of potassium iodide among risk groups (pregnant women throughout the gestational stage) significantly reduce the manifestations of iodine deficiency, but does not completely eliminate them.

iodine, iodine deficiency, thyroid gland, pregnancy, children

1. Dedov, I. I., G. A. Melnichenko, E. A. Troshina et al. Iodine Deficiency – a Threat to the Health and Development of Children in Russia. Ways to Soltion of the Problem. Moscow: UNICEF, 2006.

2. Dedov, I. I., G. A. Melnichenko, V. V. Fadeev, and T. A. Morgunova. «Thyroid Disorders in a Region with Mild Iodine Deficiency.» Vrach, no. 10 (2008): 51-57.

3. Zhukova, G. F., S. A. Savchik, and S. A. Hotimchenko. «Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Their Prevalence.» Mikroehlementy v Medicine 5, no. 2 (2004): 1-9.

4. Malievskij, O. A. «The Diffuse Nontoxic Goiter among Children in the Republic of Bashkortostan: Prevalence, Structure, Treatment, Prevention.» Doctor of Medicine diss., 2001.

5. On prevalence of diseases caused by deficiency of micronutrients. Letter of the Chief Sanitary Inspector G.G. Onishchenko №01/12925-8-32, 12.11.2008.

6. Stepanova, E. M. «Thyroid Status, Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Women of Ufa as an Area of Iodine Deficiency.» PhD diss., 2004.

7. Troshina, E. A. «Prevention of Diseases Related to Iodine Deficiency in Groups at High Risk of Their Development: Modern Approaches.» Pediatricheskaya Farmakologiya 7, no. 3 (2010): 46-50.

8. Troshina, E. A., V. N. Petrova, F. M. Abdulhabirova, A. V. Sekinaeva, S. V. Petrova, and E. I. Vinogradova. «Evaluation of Iodine Sufficiency and Influence on Hematological Parameters of Iodine Prophylaxis in Pregnant Women Living in Conditions of Natural Iodine Deficiency.» Problemy Ehndokrinologii 55, no. 3 (2010): 21-25.

9. Troshina, E. A., N. M. Platonova, F. M. Abdulhabirova, and G. A. Gerasimov. Iodine Deficiency Disorders in the Russian Federation: The Time of Decision-making. Edited by I. I. Dedov and G. A. Melnichenko. Moscow, 2012.

10. Fadeev, V. V. Thyroid Disorders in a Region with Mild Iodine Deficiency: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment. Moscow, 2005.

11. Pretell E. Worldwide changes in iodine intake. Presentation of the 14^th Internacional Thyroid Congress. P., Sept. 2010.

12. Allen, Lindsay. Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2006.

13. Assessment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Monitoring Their Elimination: A Guide for Programme Managers. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007.