Current epidemiological aspects of the incidence of pertussis infection in the Altai Territory at the present stage

Sursyakova K. I.
PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology¹

Safyanova T. V.
MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Epidemiology¹

Timofeeva A. S.
6th-year student, Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine¹

1Altai State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 656038, Russian Federation, Altai Territory, Barnaul, Lenin Avenue, 40.

Sursyakova Ksenia Ivanovna; e-mail: boydika@yandex.ru

None declared.

The study had no sponsorship.

Introduction. The leading reasons for the current relevance of whooping cough infection include the high mortality rate among infants. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), whooping cough kills approximately 160,000 children annually. Current vaccination against whooping cough in the Russian Federation fails to provide lasting immunity to this disease, contributing to an increase in the incidence of the disease among schoolchildren and adolescents, who in turn become sources of infection for younger children. Equally important is the changing clinical features of whooping cough, which today are primarily represented by atypical forms such as latent and carrier states. This circumstance contributes to the low detection rate of whooping cough, despite the advanced state of laboratory diagnostics for this disease. Changes in the genetic properties of the whooping cough pathogen are associated with the aforementioned changes in the clinical presentation of this disease, as well as the low diagnostic value of bacteriological methods, which are considered the «gold standard» for diagnosing whooping cough. The pertussis vaccination rate for 12–month–old children across Russia in 2022 was 96.62 %. However, despite achieving the required vaccination coverage, the continued increase in incidence among vulnerable groups and the involvement of adults in the epidemic indicate the need for additional pertussis booster vaccinations for children aged 6–7 years, adolescents aged 14 years, and adults every 10 years. The purpose of the study: to study the patterns of the epidemiological process of whooping cough in the Russian Federation and the Altai Territory for the period 2013–2024. Materials and methods of research: a retrospective analysis of the incidence of whooping cough in the population of the Russian Federation and the Altai Territory was carried out on the basis of data from statistical reporting forms of the Federal State Statistical Observation No. 2: «Information on infectious and parasitic diseases», and No. 5 «Information on preventive vaccinations» for 2013–2024. A statistical one-dimensional analysis was performed. Intensive, extensive indicators (fractions, %) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated (using the Clopper-Pearson method. The analysis was performed using the Microsoft Excel program. The results of the study and their discussion: Based on the conducted research, it was concluded that the persistence of high levels of morbidity among young children and an increase in morbidity among schoolchildren, adolescents and adults is associated with a low duration of immunity after vaccination or after a previous illness. To reduce the incidence of whooping cough, it is necessary both to maintain vaccination coverage at a level of at least 95 %, so is the introduction of additional scheduled revaccinations for children and adults into the regional calendar of preventive vaccinations in the Altai Territory.

retrospective analysis, pertussis infection, vaccination

10.29234/2308-9113-2026-14-1-110-119

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